1 Pankaj Kumar Ojha, 2 Kalyan
Ghadei
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The word ‘Extension’ is derived from the Latin roots ‘ex’ meaning ‘out’ and
‘tensio’ meaning ‘stretching’. Extension is that type of education which is
stretched out to people in the rural areas far and near, beyond the limits of
the educational institutions to which the formal type of education is usually
confined. Extension Education is generally considered as non- formal education.
Extension Education is the process of teaching rural people how to live better
by learning ways to improve their farm, home and community institutions
(Leagans, 1961). Hence teaching, research in Extension Education is an
important career for students of agricultural sciences. It is well known that
‘Extension Education’ is that particular branch of agricultural sciences or
social sciences which helps in the process of transferring/ spreading the new
information and innovations to the farmers. These innovations may include new
seed varieties, new agricultural technologies, new breeds of animals, etc. All
these activities lead to the rural development.
Branches of Extension Education
1. Agricultural Extension Education 2. Animal Husbandry
& Dairy Extension Education 3. Veterinary/livestock Extension Education 4.
Agricultural Engineering Extension 5. Forestry Extension Education 6. Fisheries
Extension Education 7. Home Science Extension Education 8. Medical Extension
Education/ community medicine 9. Industrial Extension Education (Source:
Education & Communication for Development, Dahama and Bhatnagar 2005.) 1
Scholar and 2Asst. Professor, Department of Extension Education, Institute of
Agricultural Sciences, BHU.Varanasi-221005Scope & Importance There are
government, private and some consultancy services one can opt for job as per
his qualification and experience. Among government services there are posts of
Lecturer/ Assistant Professor in the SAUs, Scientist in the ICAR/CSIR
Institutes, DRDO etc. Training Associates (TA) in KrishiVigyan Kendras (KVKs)
run by selected ICAR institutes, SAUs, State Departments etc. Besides,
temporary job as a JRF/SRF Research Associate/ Project Associates etc. in various
ICAR, CSIR and DRDO sponsored research projects under ICAR, CSIR institutes,
SAUs etc. are also available. A large number of national and international NGOs
engaged in rural development and related R&D activities recruit Extension
personnel in different positions depending on the educational qualifications
and experiences. KVKs run by several NGOs employ Extension Educationists as
Scientist. Presently, opportunity to work as a counselor or consultant is
limited. Nevertheless, enough scope will be there for Extensionists to explore
and exploit the opportunities in the area of self-employment in the future.
Courses taught 1. Rural Sociology 2. Educational Psychology 3. Development
Perspectives of Extension Education 4. Dimensions of Agricultural 5. Development
communication and information management 6. Diffusion and adoption of
innovations 7. Entrepreneurship Development and Communication Skills 8.
Extension Methodologies for Transfer of Agricultural Technology 9. Research
methods in behavioral sciences 10.E-extension 11.Entrepreneurship development
and management in extension 12.Human resource development 13.Visual
communication 14. Participatory methods for technology development and transfer
15.Gender sensitization for development 16. Perspectives of distance education
17.Market-led extension 18.Advances in agricultural extension 19.Advanced
design and techniques in social science research 20.Advances in training
technology 21.Organizational development 22.Advanced instructional technology
23.Theory construction in social sciences 24.Advanced management techniques
25.Media management 26.Transfer of technology in agriculture (According to
ICAR’s revised Course Curriculum 2009)Institutes / Universities offering degree
in Extension Education: The following branches of the Extension Education:
Agricultural Extension, Veterinary/Animal Husbandry Extension, Diary Extension,
Fishery Extension, Home Science Extension, etc. fall within the purview of
higher agricultural education with emphasis on respective technical areas. In
India the subject is taught in master’s and doctoral level. With a few
exceptions all the State Agricultural Universities (SAUs) and four National
Institute (NIs)/ Deemed Universities (DUs) of Indian Council Agricultural
Research (ICAR) offers master’s degree for two years (one year course work and
one year research work) and doctoral degree for a minimum of three years (one
year course work and two years research work) in the branches of Extension
Education. Four ICAR premier institutes offering masters and doctoral degree in
Extension Education are as follows: List of Agricultural Universities offering
Extension Education Name of the Universities Address Acharya NG Ranga
Agricultural University Website: http://www.angrau.net Email:angrau_vc@yahoo.com,
raghuvardhanreddy_s@rediffmail.com, Adminstrative Office, Rajendra Nagar,
Hyderabad- 500030, Andhra Pradesh 040-24015035, 24013095,Fax: 040-24015031
Anand Agricultural University Website: http://www.aau.in Email:..vc@aau.in,
vc_aau@yahoo.com Anand 388110, Gujarat, Phone: 02692 261273 Fax: 02692-261520
Assam Agricultural University Website: http://www.aau.ac.in Email:vc@aau.ac.in,
kmbujarbaruah@rediffmail.com Jorhat 785013, Assam 0376-2340013 Fax:
0376-2340001 Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya Website:
http://www.bckv.edu.in Email:bckvvc@gmail.com, sarojsanyal@yahoo.co.in
Mohanpur, Nadia-741252, West Bengal 033-25879772, 03473-222666, Fax:
03473-222275Bihar Agricultural University Website: http://www.bausabour.ac.in
Email: vcbausabour@gmail.com Sabour, Bhagalpur 813210, Bihar 0641-2452606, Fax:
0641-2452604 Birsa Agricultural University Website: http://www.baujharkhand.org
Email: vc_bau@rediffmail.com Kanke, Ranchi- 834006, Jharkhand 0651-2450500,
Fax: 0651-2450850 Central Agricultural University Website:http://www.cau.org.in
Email:snpuri04@yahoo.co.in, snpuri@rediffmail.com P.O. Box 23, Imphal-795004,
Manipur. 0385-2415933, Fax:0385-2410414 Chandra Shekar Azad University of
Agriculture & Technology Website: http://www.csauk.ac.in Email: vc@csauk.ac.in
Kanpur-208002, Uttar Pradesh 0512-2534155 .Fax: 0512-2533808 Chaudhary Charan
Singh Haryana Agricultural University Website: http://www.hau.ernet.in Email:
vc@hau.ernet.in Hisar-125004, Haryana. 01662-231640, 284301, Fax: 01662-234952
Chhattisgarh KamdhenuVishwavidyalaya DrBalasaheb Sawant KonkanKrishiVidyapeeth
Website: http://cgkv.ac.in, Anjora ,Durg, Chhattisgarh Website: www.dbskkv.org
Email: vcbskkv@yahoo.co.in DapoliDistt, Ratnagiri 415 712, Maharashtra
02358-282064, Fax:02358-282074 Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth
Website: http://www.pdkv.ac.in Email: vc@pdkv.ac.in Krishinagar,Akola- 444104,
Maharashtra 0724-2258365 Fax: 0724-2258219 Dr Yashwant Singh Parmar University
of Horticulture & Forestry Website: http://www.yspuniversity.ac.in Email:
vc@yspuniversity.ac.in, vcuhf@yahoo.com Solan, Nauni-173230, Himachal Pradesh
01792-252363, Fax: 01792-252242 Dr. YSR Horticultural University Website:
http://www.drysrhu.edu.in Email: vc@drysrhu.edu.in Administrative office,
Venkataramannagudem, PBNo. 7, West Godavari Dist., Tadepalligudem-534101 Andhra
Pradesh 08818-284311, Fax: 08818-284223 Govind Ballabh Pant University of
Agriculture & Technology Website: http://www.gbpuat.ac.in
Email:vcgbpuat@gmail.com Pantnagar-263145, Distt. Uddham Singh Nagar,
Uttaranchal. 05944-233333, 233500, Fax: 05944-233500 Guru Angad Dev Veterinary
and Animal Science University Website: http://www.gadvasu.in Email:
vijay_taneja@hotmail.com, vcgadvasu@gmail.com Ludhiana - 141004, Punjab
0161-2553320,2553360 Fax:0161-2553340 Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya
Website: www.igau.edu.in Email: vcigkv@gmail.com Krishak Nagar, Raipur-492006,
Chhattisgarh 0771-2443419, Fax: 0771-2442302, 2443121 Jawaharlal Nehru
KrishiViswavidyalaya Website: http://www.jnkvv.nic.in Email: gkalloo_jnkvv@yahoo.co.in
Krishi Nagar, Adhartal Jabalpur-482004, Madhya Pradesh 0761-2681706, Fax:
0761-2681389 Junagadh Agricultural University Website: http://www.jau.in Email:
vc@jau.in Univ. Bhavan, Motibagh, Junagadh-362001, Gujarat .0285-2671784, Fax: 0285-2672004
Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fisheries Sciences University Website:
http://www.kvafsu.kar.nic.in , Email: vckvafsu@yahoo.co.in dekvafsub@yahoo.com
, sskvafsu@yahoo.co.in Nandinagar, PB No 6, BIDAR 585401, Karnataka
08482-245264, Fax: 08482- 245107 Kerala Agricultural University Website:
http://www.kau.edu Email: vc@kau.in, vicechancellorkau@gmail.com Vellanikara,
Trichur 680656, Kerala 0487-2371928, 2370034, 2438001, Fax: 0487- 2370019
Kerala University of Fisheries & Ocean Studies Website: http://www.kau.edu
Email: kurup424@gmail.com Papangad, Kochi-682506 Kerala0487-2370117, 2703781,
2700964 Maharana Pratap Univ. of Agriculture & Technology Website:
http://www.mpuat.ac.in Email: vc@mpuat.ac.in Udaipur, Rajasthan 313001
0294-2471101 Fax: 0294-2470682 Mahatma Phule KrishiVidyapeeth Website:
http://mpkv.mah.nic.in Email: vcmpkv@rediffmail.com Rahuri-413722, Maharashtra
02426-243208, Fax: 02426-243302 ManyavarShriKanshiramJi University of
Agriculture and Technology Website: http://www.mskjuat.edu.in/ Email:
vc.mskjuat@gmail.com Banda - 210001, Uttar Pradesh 05192-221605, Fax:
02426-243302 Marathwada Agricultural University Website:
http://www.mkv2.mah.nic.in Email: vcmau@rediffmail.com Parbhani-431402,
Maharashtra 02452-223002, Fax: 02452-223582 Narendra Deva University of
Agriculture & Technology Website:http://www.nduat.ernet.in Email:
vc_nduat2010@yaho.co.in Kumarganj, Faizabad -224229, Uttar Pradesh
05270-262097, 262161, Fax: 05270-262097 Navsari Agricultural University
Website: http://www.nau.in Email: vc_2004@yahoo.co.in Navsari-396450 Gujarat
02673-283869, Fax: 02673-284254 Orissa Univ. of Agriculture & Technology
Website: http://www.ouat.ac.in Email: ouat_dproy@yahoo.co.in,
bsenapati1942@yahoo.com Bhubaneshwar-751003, Orissa 0674-2397700, Fax:
0674-2397780 Punjab Agricultural University Website: http://www.pau.edu Email:
vcpau@pau.edu Ludhiana-141004, Punjab 0161-2401794, Fax: 0161-2402483 Rajasthan
University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Website: http://rajuvas.org Email:
vcrajuvas@gmail.com BijeyBhavan Place Complex (PtDeenDayal circle) Bikaner
334006 Rajasthan, 0151-2543419, Fax: 0151-2549348 Rajendra Agricultural
University Website: http://www.pusavarsity.org.in Email: vcrau@sify.comPusa,
Samastipur 848125, Bihar 06274-240226, Fax: 06274-240255 Rajmata Vijayraje
SciendiaKrishi VishwaVidyalaya Website: http://www.rvskvv.nic.in Email:
vcrvskvv@gmail.com Race Cource Road, Gwalior 474002 Madhya Pradesh.
0751-2467673, Fax: 0751-2467673 Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of
Agriculture and Technology Website: http://www.svbpmeerut.ac.in Email:
vc_agunivmeerut@yahoo.com Modipuram, Meerut - 250110 Uttar Pradesh
0121-2888522, Fax: 0121-2888505 Sardarkrushinagar- Dantiwada Agricultural
University Website: http://www.sdau.edu.in Email: vc@sdau.edu.in Sardar
Krushinagar, Distt Banaskantha, Gujarat-385506 02748-278222, Fax: 02748-278261
Sher-E-Kashmir Univ of Agricultural Sciences & Technology Website:
http://www.skuast.org Email: vc@skuast.org Railway Road, Jammu 18009, J&K
0191-2263714, Fax: 0191-2262073 Sher-E-Kashmir Univ of Agricultural Sciences
& Technology of Kashmir Website: http://www.skuastkashmir.ac.in Email:
vc@skuastkashmir.ac.in, skuastkvc@gmail.com Shalimar Campus, Shrinagar-191121,
Jammu & Kashmir 0194-2464028, 2462159 Fax: 0194-2462160, 2461543 Swami
Keshwanand Rajasthan Agricultural University Website: http://www.raubikaner.org
Email: vcrau@raubikaner.org Bikaner-334006, Rajasthan 0151-2250443, 2250488,
Fax: 0151-2250336 Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Website: http://www.tnau.ac.in
Email: vc@tnau.ac.in Coimbatore-641003, Tamil Nadu 0422-2431788, 2431672, Fax:
0422-2431672 Tamil Nadu Fisheries University Website: http://www.tnfu.org.in
Email:Nagapattinam – 611 003, Tamil Nadu 04365-253011 University of
Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore Website: http://www.uasbangalore.edu.in Email:
vc@uasbangalore.edu.in, knarayanagowda@yahoo.co.inGKVK,Bengaluru-560065,
Karnataka 080-23332442, Fax: 080-23330277 University of Agricultural Sciences,
Dharwad Website: http://www.uasd.edu Email: vc_uasd@rediffmail.com
Dharwad-580005, Karnataka 0836-2447783, Fax: 0836-2448349 University of
Agricultural Sciences, Shimoga Website:
http://www.uasbangalore.edu.in/asp/agriShimoga.asp Email:Shimoga, Karnataka
University of Agricultural Sciences Website: http://www.uasraichur.edu.in,
Email: vcuasraichur10@rediffmail.com PB 329, Raichur – 584101 Karnataka
08532-221444, Fax: 08532- 220444 Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya
Website:http://www.ubkv.ac.in Email: vcubkv@gmail.com, vcubkv@rediffmail.com
P.O. Pundibari, Dist. Coach Bihar-736165, West Bengal 03582-270141, 270013,
Fax: 03582-270249 Institute of Agriculture, Vishwa Bharti Central University
Shanti Niketan, Kolkata, W.B. Indian Agricultural Research Institute, PUSA, New
Delhi Division of Agricultural Extension, IARI, Hill Side Road, Pusa, New
Delhi, DL 110012 Phone: 011-25846434 Fax: 011-25846434 E-mail:
head_exten@iari.res.in Web: www.iari.res.in Institute of Agricultural Sciences,
Banaras Hindu University Department of Extension Education Institute of Agricultural
Sciences Banaras Hindu University Varanasi- 221005 Telephone : +91-542-2307114
Fax : +91-542-2368993 Website: www.bhu.ac.in National Dairy Research Institute
Division of Dairy Extension, NDRI, Nyaypuri, Karnal, Haryana 132001 Web:
http://www.ndri.res.in/ dir@ndri.res.in Ph: +91-184-2252800 / 2259002 (O)Indian
Veterinary Research Institute Division of Extension Education, Indian
Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar – 243122, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh
Email Address: hdee@ivri.res.in Telephone Number : +91 581 2302391 Web:
www.ivri.res.in Allahabad Agricultural Deemed Institute NH 27, Mahewa East,
Naini, Allahabad, Mahewa East, Mirakhpur Kachhar,Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh
211007 Web: www.shiats.edu.in Ph. 0532 268 4781 Jamia Milia Islamia Deptt. of
Adult & Continuing Education and Extension,F/O Social Sciences,, 118
Zakirbagh, Jamia Nagar, Opposite Surya Hotel, Okhla, New Delhi- 110025 Ph. 011
2698 1717 Web: www.jmi.ac.in E mail: sjamal@jmi.ac.in (This List is indicative
only) Salary/ Packages Initially the individuals/ candidates may gain 3-4 lakh
annually but after gaining sufficient experience it may be 6-12 lacs. Placement
opportunities The students of Extension Education may be placed in different
sectors / areas as under: S. No. Sectors of Employment 1 ICAR 2 Cooperatives 3
NGOs 4 Banks (Rural Development Officers/ Agriculture officer) 5 DRDO
(Extension Scientist) 6 KVKs (SMS) 7 SAUs (Asst./ Assoc. Professors) 8 NDDB
(Research Scientists/ Extension Officers, etc.) 9 Education Officer, (Mini. of
Labour& Employment, GOI) 10 Directorate of Extension Education, (Govt. of
India) 11 Planning Commission (Rural Advisor)12 State Govt. Departments
(Extension Officers) 13 IGNOU (Academicians) 14 Reliance Life Sciences/
Reliance Industries (Research Scientist) 15 Research Associate- FAO 16 ICRISAT
(Program Officer) 18 International Livestock Research Institute (Research
scientist) 19 Asst. Prof. in Social Science departments of general
college/universities under UGC 20 NIRD, Hyderabad 21 IIMs (Rural Development,
Humanities, etc.) 22 10.MANAGE, Hyderabad (Extension Experts) 23 11.All state
line depts like Agril, Animal Sc., Fisheries etc. 24 12. HRD/ Marketing head of
Agro-processing industrie 13.Insecticides/Pesticides/Fertilizer Industries 25
KRIBHCO/IFFCO 26 14.Commodity boards (Coffee board, Tea board, etc.) 27 15.
Private Agri-business firms (Fertilizer/ seeds/ processing industries, etc.) 28
16.IIFM (Indian Institute of Forest Management) 29 17.IIPM (Indian Institute of
Plantation Management 30 18.Central government department officer (food
corporation of India, central warehouse Corporation, plant protection boards
etc.) 31 19.Consulting agencies (event manager, program planner) 32
20.Multinational software companies (research associate, agriculture package
developer, analyst) 33 21.Media agencies (news editor, media manager, radio
jockey, agriculture journalist)References: Chauhan, Jitendra. Agricultural
Extension Education: Introduction to Agricultural Extension Education. (2000).
Chauhan, Jitendra. Prasar Siksha Avem Suchna Tantra, Eisha Prakashan, 810,
Paschimpuri, (2005). Sikandra, Agra-282007 Chauhan, Jitendra. Communication and
Extension Management. Anjali Prakashan, I-2/81, Kalyanpur, Kanpur. (2006).
Leagans,J.P.(1961).http://nsdl.niscair.res.in/bitstream/123456789/307/1/
AGRICULTURAL+EXTENSION+EDUCATION.pdf retrieved on 20.04.2013 at 3.05 pm.
H.W.Butt
(1961).http://nsdl.niscair.res.in/bitstream/123456789/307/1/AGRICULTURAL+
EXTENSION+EDUCATION.pdf retrieved on 20.04.2013 at 3.00 pm. O.P.Dahama.
(1973).http://nsdl.niscair.res.in/bitstream/123456789/307/1/
AGRICULTURAL+EXTENSION+ EDUCATION.
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